peace. However, rather than containing the crisis, the amnesty deal acted in opposite direction, leading to its escalation. It is in this context that this study interrogates the changing dynamics of banditry in the region. It contends that three interrelated factors were responsible for the failure of the amnesty deals. First, the bandits are cluster groups without any identifiable central leadership, thus, amnesty for some groups only encourage the proliferation of more groups for material accumulation. Secondly, the intricate linkage between banditry in northwest and terrorism in the northeast has implication for the escalation of the crisis. Lastly, lack of commitment to the deals by bandit groups who operate transnationally without respect or recognition for national laws or governments. The study recommends a new approach through which banditry can be curbed in Nigeria.
Full Text:
Adeniyi, O. 2018. “Beyond the banditry in Zamfara”.
https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/04/05/beyond-the-banditry-in-zamfara/.
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Ahmad, A. J. 2019. “Insight into the dynamics and menace of cattle rustling: A case study of
Lake Chad Area in northern Nigeria”. World Journal of Social Science Research, 6(1),
pp. 18-33.\
Albert, Olawale. (2015). Stakeholders’ Engagement with the First Phase of the Niger Delta
Amnesty Deal in Nigeria.” Journal of the Society for Peace Studies and Practice 1, (4):
388-402.
Amaefule, Everest. Et al. 2019. Nigeria loses N353bn to illegal gold mining in three years, IYC,
Bayelsa kick. Punch, 17 April, https://punchng.com/nigeria-loses-n353bn-to-illegalgold-mining-in-three-years-iyc-bayelsa-kick/.
Bagu, C. and Smith, K. 2017. Past is prologue: Criminality and reprisal attacks in Nigeria’s
Middle Belt, Washington, DC: Search for Common Ground.
Campbell John and McCaslin Jack, 2020. Bandits and Jihadi Attacks span Northern Nigeria.
Council of Foreign Relations, 12 June, www.cfr.org/blog/bandits-and-jihadi-attacksspan-northern-nigeria.
Adeniyi, O. 2018. “Beyond the banditry in Zamfara”.
https://www.thisdaylive.com/index.php/2018/04/05/beyond-the-banditry-in-zamfara/.
Adepegba, Adelani. 2020. We killed 50 Kidnapped Victims because we couldn’t get Ransom –
Suspect. Punch 1 October, www.punchng.com/we-killed-50-kidnaaped-victimsbecause-we-couldnt-get-ransoms-suspect/.
Ahmad, A. J. 2019. “Insight into the dynamics and menace of cattle rustling: A case study of
Lake Chad Area in northern Nigeria”. World Journal of Social Science Research, 6(1),
pp. 18-33.\
Albert, Olawale. (2015). Stakeholders’ Engagement with the First Phase of the Niger Delta
Amnesty Deal in Nigeria.” Journal of the Society for Peace Studies and Practice 1, (4):
388-402.
Amaefule, Everest. Et al. 2019. Nigeria loses N353bn to illegal gold mining in three years, IYC,
Bayelsa kick. Punch, 17 April, https://punchng.com/nigeria-loses-n353bn-to-illegalgold-mining-in-three-years-iyc-bayelsa-kick/.
Bagu, C. and Smith, K. 2017. Past is prologue: Criminality and reprisal attacks in Nigeria’s
Middle Belt, Washington, DC: Search for Common Ground.
Campbell John and McCaslin Jack, 2020. Bandits and Jihadi Attacks span Northern Nigeria.
Council of Foreign Relations, 12 June, www.cfr.org/blog/bandits-and-jihadi-attacksspan-northern-nigeria.